Installing VirtualBox
There are two primary ways to install VirtualBox in Linux. The first one is to go to the website and download whichever package works for your system. To do this, first go to the project website and click the big “Download VirtualBox 6.1” button. After that, click “Linux distributions” on the Downloads page. You’ll be brought to a list of compatible Linux distros on which you can install VirtualBox. Click whichever one you’re looking for, follow the download prompts, and the package installer should automatically install the package. However, there are some challenges with that. Generally, just installing the RPM or DEB will miss building the kernel modules necessary, which can bring up many errors. The way to get around that is to install VirtualBox from your distro’s repository. This is usually a simple command to install, depending on your distribution. For Ubuntu and its derivatives:
Downloading Windows 10
For those who may not be aware, Windows 10 is actually free to download and use. You can’t use it in a production environment without paying for it, but if it’s purely for personal purposes, it’s fair game. To download the ISO image file, go to this link and scroll down to where it says “Select edition.” Choose whichever is the latest edition and click “Confirm.” Choose your product language and click “Confirm” again. You’ll be brought to a page where you can choose between 64-bit and 32-bit downloads. I’d recommend 64-bit, as it’ll give you the most flexibility in terms of the actual virtual machine you create. Note: the download may take a while, especially on a slow network connection, as the ISO image is almost 5GB in size. Once you click “64-bit Download” and save it to your machine, you’re ready to create your Windows 10 virtual machine in VirtualBox.
Creating the Windows 10 Virtual Machine
Once your download is finished, open up VirtualBox and click “New.” Type “Windows 10” in the “Name” section. That will automatically choose the “Version” to “Windows 10 (64-bit).” From there, name it anything you want. Go through the menu and set whatever you’d like for the configuration of the virtual machine. I’d recommend at least 4096MB Memory and creating a 75GB virtual disk. Don’t worry about it eating up all of your disk space; you can choose “Dynamically allocated” to save disk space. The type of disk doesn’t matter too much either, unless you plan to move this VM around from system to system. Once you finish creating your virtual machine, you’ll be left with a plain VM that needs some help to be configured. Depending on the specs of your host machine, you may be able to do more than this, but here’s what I would recommend as the minimum. You’ll want at least:
2 vCPUs3D acceleration turned onHyper-V for the paravirtualization interface
If you have more CPU cores or RAM to allocate, I’d absolutely recommend doing so. This will only get you so far. Additionally, you’ll have to attach the Windows 10 ISO file that you downloaded earlier. On the VM Settings page, click “Storage -> Optical Drive -> Empty” in the Storage section and click “Choose a disk file.” Navigate to your downloads folder and choose your Windows 10 ISO file. Now, all you have to do is start up your virtual machine by clicking “Start” at the top and install Windows. Once Windows is installed, you may notice that it’s complaining about inadequate video drivers and that you’re limited to a very small screen. To fix all that, you will need to install VirtualBox Guest Additions.
Installing VirtualBox Guest Additions in Windows
Installing Guest Additions is quite simple. With the VM running, click “Devices -> Insert Guest Additions CDimage” and then “Insert.” Open the file explorer and click on “This PC.” You should see the icon for the Guest Additions CD Image on the bottom next to “Local Disk (C:).” Click on the Guest Additions CD Image icon. Click on “VBoxWindowsAdditions” and “Yes” on the UAC dialogue. Click “Next” through the installer dialogue, accepting all defaults. Additionally, click “Install” when you get the dialogue asking to trust software from Oracle. Once the installation is finished, click “Finish,” and your VM will reboot. Once it reboots, the Guest Additions are installed, and you can now experience true 3D acceleration, screen size selection, and many of the other great benefits that come with using VirtualBox Guest Additions, like shared clipboards and file sharing from Host to Guest and back. Now that you know how to install Windows in VirtualBox, make sure to check out some of our other Linux virtualization articles, including this one about Virtual Machine Manager, and this one about creating a Linux virtualization workstation.
